Quite often, nurse leaders are faced with ethical dilemmas, such as those associated with choices between competing needs and limited resources. Resources are finite, and competition for those resources occurs daily in all organizations.

For example, the use of 12-hour shifts has been a strategy to retain nurses. However, evidence suggests that as nurses work more hours in a shift, they commit more errors. How do effective leaders find a balance between the needs of the organization and the needs of ensuring quality, effective, and safe patient care?

In this Discussion, you will reflect on the issue RISING HEALTH CARE COSTs and examine how competing needs may impact the development of polices to address that issue.

To Prepare:

·  Review the Resources and think about the issue of rising healthcare costs

·  Reflect on the competing needs in healthcare delivery as they pertain to the issue of rising healthcare cost

Post an explanation of how competing needs, such as the needs of the workforce, resources, and patients, may impact the development of policy. Then, describe any specific competing needs that may impact the issue of rising healthcare costs.What are the impacts, and how might policy address these competing needs? Be specific and provide examples.USE APA FORMAT AND CITE 3 SOURCES

Resources

Required Readings

American Nurses Association. (2015). Code of ethics for nurses with interpretive statements. Silver Spring, MD: Author. Retrieved from
https://www.nursingworld.org/coe-view-only
Note: Review all, with special attention to “Provision 6” (pp. 23–26).

Kelly, P., & Porr, C. (2018). Ethical nursing care versus cost containment: Considerations to enhance RN practice. OJIN: Online Journal of Issues in Nursing, 23(1), Manuscript 6. doi:10.3912/OJIN.Vol23No01Man06. Retrieved from
http://ojin.nursingworld.org/MainMenuCategories/ANAMarketplace/ANAPeriodicals/OJIN/TableofContents/Vol-23-2018/No1-Jan-2018/Ethical-Nursing-Cost-Containment.html  

Milliken, A. (2018). Ethical awareness: What it is and why it matters. OJIN: Online Journal of Issues in Nursing, 23(1), Manuscript 1. doi:10.3912/OJIN.Vol23No01Man01. Retrieved from
http://ojin.nursingworld.org/MainMenuCategories/ANAMarketplace/ANAPeriodicals/OJIN/TableofContents/Vol-23-2018/No1-Jan-2018/Ethical-Awareness.html

Herbal Supplements:

The practice of using herbal supplements dates back thousands of years. Today, there is a renewal in the use of herbal supplements among American consumers. However, herbal supplements are not for everyone. In fact, some herbal products may cause problems for people treatments for chronic ailments. Because they are not subject to scrutiny by the FDA or other governing agencies, the use of herbal supplements is controversial.

Herbal supplements are products made from plants for use in the treatment and management of certain diseases and medical conditions. Many prescription drugs and over-the-counter medicines are also made from plant derivatives. These products contain only purified ingredients and, unlike herbal supplements, are closely regulated by the FDA. Herbal supplements may contain entire plants or plant parts. Herbal supplements come in all forms: dried, chopped, powdered, capsule, or liquid, and can be used in various ways. Please address the followings:

1.     Discuss advantages and disadvantages of dietary supplements, including adverse reactions, drug-drug interactions, drug-food interactions, and specific laboratory issues that may arise from using these products.

2.     Discuss the position of the FDA and other governmental agencies on over the counter herbal supplements. Support your post with at least 2 evidenced-based guidelines published within the last 5 years.

Assignment: Developing Organizational Policies and Practices

Competing needs arise within any organization as employees seek to meet their targets and leaders seek to meet company goals. As a leader, successful management of these goals requires establishing priorities and allocating resources accordingly.

Within a healthcare setting, the needs of the workforce, resources, and patients are often in conflict. Mandatory overtime, implementation of staffing ratios, use of unlicensed assisting personnel, and employer reductions of education benefits are examples of practices that might lead to conflicting needs in practice.

Leaders can contribute to both the problem and the solution through policies, action, and inaction. In this Assignment, you will further develop the white paper you began work on in Module 1 by addressing competing needs within your organization.

To Prepare:

• Review the national healthcare issue/stressor you examined in your Assignment for Module 1, and review the analysis of the healthcare issue/stressor you selected.
• Identify and review two evidence-based scholarly resources that focus on proposed policies/practices to apply to your selected healthcare issue/stressor.
• Reflect on the feedback you received from your colleagues on your Discussion post regarding competing needs.

The Assignment (4-5 pages):

Developing Organizational Policies and Practices

Add a section to the paper you submitted in Module 1. The new section should address the following:

• Identify and describe at least two competing needs impacting your selected healthcare issue/stressor.
• Describe a relevant policy or practice in your organization that may influence your selected healthcare issue/stressor.
• Critique the policy for ethical considerations, and explain the policy’s strengths and challenges in promoting ethics.
• Recommend one or more policy or practice changes designed to balance the competing needs of resources, workers, and patients, while addressing any ethical shortcomings of the existing policies. Be specific and provide examples.
• Cite evidence that informs the healthcare issue/stressor and/or the policies, and provide two scholarly resources in support of your policy or practice recommendations.

Attached is a word document that should be used as a template for this assignment. What is written on it is only an example, but use the same headings and format.

Provide one nursing care plan for the older adult that targets prevention and health promotion.

The patient is a 75 year old Caucasian male named Rick Anderson that has a medical diagnosis of heart failure. The nursing diagnosis for this patient is Ineffective Tissue Perfusion related to decreased cardiac output.The patient reported to the emergency department after experiencing abnormal pulse rate and rhythm, difficulty breathing and generalized weakness.

Develop an abstract, a medical history, a medical assessment, a care plan with nursing interventions and a treatment goal.

5 pages.

APA style

3 references required

MODULE 8

TOPIC: Public Health Nursing in Disaster and Emergency Response Presentation

Develop a 10-15 slide PowerPoint presentation highlighting one recent natural or human-caused disaster. Within the PowerPoint,

1. Describe your chosen disaster and a response. 
2. Identify the role and responsibilities of the public health nurse in each phase of emergency management.
3. Explain the concept of resilience and giving of self to serve others throughout the disaster.
4. Provide a conclusion slide of the overarching themes.

APA style is not required, but solid academic writing is expected.

Refer to the resource, “Creating Effective PowerPoint Presentations,” located in the Student Success Center, for additional guidance on completing this assignment in the appropriate style.

STUDY MATERIALS

Read Chapters 16, 17, and 18 in Public Health Nursing: Practicing Population-Based Care. URL: https://www.gcumedia.com/digital-resources/jones-and-bartlett/2018/public-health-nursing_practicing-population-based-care_3e.php

Read “Increased Consumer Communication and Knowledge Leads to Higher Quality in Health Care,” by Adams, Rush, Leddy, Cook, Leach, Bollinger, and Hoyle, from Radiologic Technology (2016). URL:https://lopes.idm.oclc.org/login?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=ccm&AN=118099200&site=ehost-live&scope=site

Read “Bending the Cost Curve and Improving Quality of Care in America’s Poorest City,” by Miller, Cunningham, and Ali, from Population Health Management (2013). URL:https://lopes.idm.oclc.org/login?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=ccm&AN=104229978&site=ehost-live&scope=site

Read “Using Prevention and Measurement to Drive Quality Improvement,” by Smiley, from Journal of Dental Hygiene (2015). URL:https://lopes.idm.oclc.org/login?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=ccm&AN=102624760&site=ehost-live&scope=site

Read “Building a Culture of Health,” from Robert Wood Johnson Foundation (n.d.). URL: https://www.rwjf.org/en/how-we-work/building-a-culture-of-health.html

Read “Global Public Health,” from Johnson and Johnson (2018). URL: https://www.jnj.com/global-public-health

Explore the GCU Technical Support Help Center for instructions on downloading the Field Experience Site Information Form. URL: https://support.gcu.edu/hc/en-us/articles/360000596207