Lewin’s Force Field Analysis.

Components and steps of Lewin’s Force Field Analysis:

Kurt Lewin was social psychologist that practiced in the 1930’s and 1940’s.  When we hear about three changes: unfreezing- change – refreezing.  Kurt Lewin suggests that there are influences that affect change.  Lewin’s change in general means that an individual or organizations to see that they need a change and want to make a change that will work and stay implemented. 

Lewin’s three-step model of change theory:

     #1 Unfreezing this where we acknowledge there is a challenging issue.  We know that we want to make a change.

     #2 Changing: This is the stage that we plan for the change.  This is where we bring the stakeholders for training and education of how the change with affect and benefit the organization.  This phase is also where we do education to the frontline staff and implement the new plan.

     #3 Refreezing: In this phase we have already implemented the change.  The entire organization or group is onboard.  This phase is especially important because this is where we monitor how we are doing with change.  We have created performance indicators and they are continuously monitored.   

Does the model or theory contain a component for appraising the evidence?

After review of the theory, I do not feel that there is any evidence of a component for appraising the evidence.  There is no evidence of what needs to be done to in between the phases.

Does the model or theory contain a component for networking with the stakeholders during all phases of practice change?

For Lewin’s theory the stakeholders fall into each phase.  When there is an issue that this identified for change, the stakeholders are aware and need to be onboard and support the need for change.  When we move onto the next phase of change the stakeholders are involved the most in this phase.  The stakeholders informed of the benefits of the change and give input of the changes.  In the final stage the stakeholders can review the performance indicators and are able to help reinforce education and compliance in the refreezing change.

 Does the model contain components for identifying barriers and addressing barriers to implementation?

I do not feel that there are specific components that identify barriers and barriers to implementation.  If you look at the whole theory, you can see #1 We identify the problem. #2 Create the plan and implement it.  #3 Monitor the plan and keep it going.  We can see the “general” plan.  I do not feel that this gives us the specifics of how to dissolve the process and create a new process.  We need to have the specifics of how to get the buy in from the stakeholders and the frontline staff.  How do we gather the information for the buy in of everyone involved?  I also feel that there is a time frame issue with this process.  We are not educated on how long or in general should each phase take.  How ling does it take to get all people “onboard”?

As a scholar, it is easier for me to know how to proceed with the process.  I know that as nursing scholars we have many references to obtain information.

References

Burnes, B. (2020). The origins of Lewin’s three-step model of change. The Journal of Applied Behavioral Science, 56(1), 32-59.

Hussain, S. T., Lei, S., Akram, T., Haider, M. J., Hussain, S. H., & Ali, M. (2018). Kurt Lewin’s change model: A critical review of the role of leadership and employee involvement in organizational change. Journal of Innovation & Knowledge, 3(3), 123-127.

Wojciechowski, E., Murphy, P., Pearsall, T., & French, E., (2016) “A Case Review: Integrating Lewin’s Theory with Lean’s System Approach for Change” OJIN: The Online Journal of Issues in Nursing. 21(2); 4.

Zimbardo, P. G. (2016). Carrying on Kurt Lewin’s legacy in many current domains Lewin award 2015. Journal of Social Issues, 72(4), 828-838.

APA Formate ( include DOI number for all journal articles )

I NEED A COMMENT FOR THIS POST WITH AT LEAST 2-4  PARAGRAPH AND  SOURCES NO LATER THAN FIVE YEARS

 

List 8  PROGRESS NOTES in SOAP format of the   Psychiatric Mental Health Nurse Practitioner Role  with  Adult and Older Adult . Describe the   activities you completed during this   time   period with patients.

NOTE: ( The progress notes has to be related with what the          Psychiatric Mental Health Nurse Practitioner do with Adult and  Older adult  with different psychiatric conditions). 8 different      notes     with different patients scenarios. 

 

Need back by Sunday the 31st. of January at 4pm 

Must follow objective and guidelines( File attached)  and I also uploaded a grading tool they will be grading by( File attached)

1. Must have Home Assessment Assignment Paper completed and each question must be answer in paragraph form of more than 3 sentences. (File Attached). 

2. Overall report paper double space and type in roman numeral front. the overall paper must consist of everything  answered in step 1. 

3.Also, the paper must have 3 resources and references( For each resources you must describe how each resource will benefit the client and what type of resource it is.)

4.The paper must include a ethical dilemma( example given was patient want  take medication/ get medicine because of having to pay for rent.

The practice of health care providers at all levels brings you into contact with people from a variety of faiths. This calls for knowledge and understanding of a diversity of faith expressions; for the purpose of this course, the focus will be on the Christian worldview.

Based on “Case Study: End of Life Decisions,” the Christian worldview, and the worldview questions presented in the required topic study materials you will complete an ethical analysis of George’s situation and his decision from the perspective of the Christian worldview.

Provide a 1,500-2,000-word ethical analysis while answering the following questions:

1. How would George interpret his suffering in light of the Christian narrative, with an emphasis on the fallenness of the world?
2. How would George interpret his suffering in light of the Christian narrative, with an emphasis on the hope of resurrection?
3. As George contemplates life with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), how would the Christian worldview inform his view about the value of his life as a person?
4. What sorts of values and considerations would the Christian worldview focus on in deliberating about whether or not George should opt for euthanasia?
5. Given the above, what options would be morally justified in the Christian worldview for George and why?
6. Based on your worldview, what decision would you make if you were in George’s situation?

Remember to support your responses with the topic study materials.

Prepare this assignment according to the guidelines found in the APA Style Guide, located in the Student Success Center. An abstract is required.

This assignment uses a rubric. Please review the rubric prior to beginning the assignment to become familiar with the expectations for successful completion.

POST 1

Corine

Biomedical Sciences in Nursing

     According to Moran (2020), “theories outside of nursing are also worthy of consideration as a phenomenon is evaluated. Interdisciplinary aspects of doctor of nursing practice (DNP) work encourages the review of theories specific to the phenomenon” (p. 107). For this assignment, a review of biomedical science models and their application to nursing has been one of the focus. Theories from biomedical sciences include knowledge from biology, medicine, physiological and genomics/genetics, to name a few.

Describe one biomedical theory or model frequently used in health care and provide your rationale for how it relates to improved patient outcomes.

     For this writing, genomic principles and theories as it applies to breast cancer are succinctly discussed.  Based on the World Health Organization (2002), Genomics differs from genetics in that genomics address all genes and their combined influences on the development of cancer or organism. Whereas, with genetics, the focus is on a specific gene ( Malon, 2009, p. 373).  Many diagnostic testing and therapeutic modalities have evolved related to the detection and treatment of breast cancer. Malon (2009) wrote that “genomics has added a new dimension to cancer risk assessment and nurses need to be prepared to integrate this new knowledge into practice” (p. 373). Borrowing from the field of biology, genetic, and technology, the medical community is consistently discovering new knowledge about cancer that is transforming the understanding of cancer diagnosis and treatment for many types of cancer. Identification of cancer makers and specificity of treatment based on the genetic makeup and interrelation of the cancer cells have played a role in targeted treatment and longevity of cancer survivors.  The caveat is that proper counseling by appropriate health care providers, educated in the field of genetics, should be in place at every testing and treatment cancer centers that provide genomic testing (Malon, 2009, p.374)

Describe one biomedical theory or model that is utilized in your specific practice area. Please provide at least two examples related to its application

     I do not think that most nurses stop to think how much the nursing profession has borrowed theoretical concepts that originated from other disciplines, for example, germ theory and principles of infection posited by Louis Pasteur in 1858 (McEwen & Wills, 2019, p.). Many nurses in the medical units have cared for patients with respiratory airborne conditions who are placed in negative pressure rooms to stop the spread of the respiratory disease. Another example of germ theory and principles of infection is the act of proper hand hygiene.  Germ theory and principles of infection involve describing, understanding, and managing infectious disease (McEwen & Willis, 2019, p. 333) Nowadays, as society deals with the Covid-19 crisis, many of the testing and vaccines have evolved from the understanding of the cause, transmission, and treatment which falls under the auspice of the epidemiologic triangle. The epidemiologic triangle consists of three components which are the host, the agent, and the environment with regards to disease causation (McEwen & Wills, 2019, p. 334)

Reference

Mahon, S.M., (2009). Cancer genomics: advocating for competent care for families. Clinical Journal of Oncology Nursing, (13(4), p. 373-372. Retrieved from

McEwin, M., & Wills, E. M. (2019). Theoretical basis for nursing. (5th ed.). Philadelphia, PA: Wolters Kluwer Health.

Moran, K. J., Burson, R., & Conrad, D.  (2020). The doctor of nursing practice project, (3rd ed.) 

[[VitalSource Bookshelf version]].  Retrieved from vbk://9781284184549

POST 2

Priscila

Germ Theory

 McEwen and Wills (2019), discusses the impact of the germ theory in modern medicine today. Louis Pasteur theorized that a specific germ is essentially responsible for producing an infectious process (McEwen & Wills, 2019). Subsequently, for an infection to occur, a host (germ) must be susceptible to the invasive organism (McEwen & Wills, 2019). Prevention strategies, such as adequate hand hygiene can help aid to putting a stop to the vicious cycle. 

            Furthermore, understanding the cycle of infection, essentially from the germ theory, helps one establish methods to help reduce the potential negative or less favored outcomes associated with infection. Aside from hand hygiene, aseptic technique when appropriate, and using adequate agents to clean surfaces of high traffic or high risk may also be imperative to promote better patient outcomes. Standard precautions with patient care have also been noted to reduce undesirable patient outcomes. 

Germ theory in the critical care setting 

      Areas such as the critical care setting are high-risk reservoir areas for infections; thus, exceptionally important to sanitize these areas appropriately. Examples of common-touch surfaces in the critical care setting may include but not limited to doorknobs, faucet handles, remote control devices, shared desks, telephones, light-switches, IV pumps, etc. All of which are high-risk of dissemination of infectious agents (Scott & et al., 2020). Implementing microbicides as routine practice in surfaces of high risk, will lead to better outcomes, by preventing nosocomial infections. 

Another great example of the germ theory would be the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic outbreak. As we are all very much familiar that the SARS-CoV-2 organism is a highly contagious organism and has spread rapidly globally. It is vital to interrupt the cycle by implementing hand hygiene strategies with soap and water, using hand sanitizer, social distancing and wearing masks to help stop the spread. Of course, we now have the vaccinations that have been rolled out, which hopefully can help slow things down to allow for better patient outcomes. 

References

McEwen, M., & Wills, E.M. (2019). Theoretical Basis for Nursing. (5th ed). Philadelphia, PA: 

Wolters Kluwer Health

Scott, E.A., Bruning, E., Nims, R.W., Rubino, J.R., & Ijaz, M.K. (2020). A 21st century view of 

infection control in everyday settings: Moving from the Germ Theory of Disease to the Microbial Theory of Health. American Journal of Infection Control, 48(11), 1387-1392. https://doi-org.ezp.waldenulibrary.org/10.1016/j.ajc.2020.05.012

EXAMPLE REPLY does not need 3 references with 2 is ok.

Success through use of gene discoveries has brought forth information on genetic disorder causes such as cystic fibrosis, muscular dystrophy, and Huntington disease (McEwin & Willis, 2019). The Human Genome Project astonishingly mapped three billion base pairs of the human genome (Pestka et al., 2010). Genomics can pertain to all nurses in practice. By using genomics as a main focus for assessments, nurses’ plans of care for patients’ specific needs can be met. Specific assessments used include obtaining family history, updating a family pedigree, environmental factors that impact gene expression, signs and symptoms related to genomic conditions, and inquiring of what is known or desired to be known of genomic components in a condition (Pestka et al., 2010, pp.42-43). A nurse can utilize and incorporate genomic information for preconception and prenatal testing, newborn screening, disease susceptibility, and more (McEwin & Willis, 2019). Assisting in foreseeing a predisposed tendency towards a disease allows health care workers and patients to anticipate instances. Policies can be created to address areas in practice by recognizing preventative measures (Calzone et al., 2010). For example, in relation to pain as you discussed, a policy can be formulated using genomic approaches.

References

Calzone, K., Cashion, A., Feetham, S., Jenkins, J., Prows, C., Williams, J., & Wung, S. (2010). Nurses

transforming health care using genetics and genomics. Nursing Outlook, 58(1), 26-35. doi:

10.1016/j.outlook.2009.05.001

McEwin, M. & Willis, E. (2019). Theoretical basis for nursing. (5th ed.). Philadelphia, PA: Wolters Kluwer

Health.

Pestka, E., Burbank, K., & Junglen, L. (2010). Improving nursing practice with genomics. Nursing

Management, 41(3), 40-44. doi: 10.1097/01.NUMA.0000369499.99852.c3