Please read the following introduction and complete the following steps for your initial discussion post:

• Describe how nursing knowledge and theory development defines the profession of nursing.
• How can application of nursing theory benefit you personally and empower/advance the nursing profession as a whole?  How has your answer changed from your Week 1 discussion board post?
• Which nursing theory do you feel will have the greatest impact on your professional practice and why?

Responses need to address all components of the question, demonstrate critical thinking and analysis and include peer-reviewed journal evidence to support the student’s position.

Please be sure to validate your opinions and ideas with citations and references in APA format.  

This week’s assignment will be to create an Annotated Bibliography for your Course Project Topic. Using the Rasmussen Library, identify at least 2 resources pertaining to your topic using the following instructions:

1. Prepare      an annotated bibliography for the resources you identified. Each entry      will include:
   1. the       full APA formatted reference
   2. an       annotation consisting of the following elements:
      • 2        to 4 sentences to summarize the main idea(s) of the source
      • 1        or 2 sentences to assess and evaluate the source
      • 1        or 2 sentences to reflect on the source

An annotated bibliography is an APA reference list that includes a brief summary and analysis — the annotation —  under the reference entry.  

An annotated bibliography includes:

• APA      Title page
• Pages      are numbered beginning with title page
• APA      formatted reference list​ beginning on own page
  • References       centered and bolded at top of page
  • Entries       listed in alphabetical order
  • Annotations       begin under its associated reference
  • Annotations       are indented 0.5 inches from the left margin
  • The       entire document is double spaced; no extra space between entries

Example of an annotated bibliography entry:

Select two (2) nursing cultural theories or models and one (1) non-nursing theory or model. One of the nursing theories/models must include Madeleine Leininger’s Sunrise Model or Culture Care Diversity and Universality theory. The other theory/model should be a self-assessment model, and the third one should be a model that focuses on enhancing communication in building cultural competence.

Create a PowerPoint presentation that discusses the theories or models, including how you can utilize each model to improve your cultural competence skills.

Your presentation should be at least 15 slides (not including title, objectives, and references slides) with detailed notes for each slide that addresses each of the points/questions, including audio for each slide. Be sure to handle all the points thoroughly. Use clear headings that allow your professor to know which bullet you are addressing on the slides in your presentation. Include at least three (3) graphics. Support your content with citations throughout your presentation. Make sure to reference the citations using the APA writing style for the presentation. Include a slide for your references at the end.

Discussion: The First Total War     

Required Resources
Read/review the following resources for this activity:

• Textbook: Chapter 2, 4
• Lesson
• Minimum of 1 scholarly source (in addition to the textbook)

Post Instructions
World War I is  different from most other wars in that it was not a direct result of  aggression by one entity towards another, notwithstanding the  assassination of Austrian Archduke Franz Ferdinand by Serbian elements.  Instead, it was the consequence of a number of forces amidst a  disruption of the tenuous balance of power in Europe.

Select and address one of the following:

• Option 1: Identify two forces that lead to WWI. Examine how they contributed to the outbreak of war.
• Option 2: Select a major battle such as Verdun, Marne,  Ypres, or the Somme and chronicle that battle. Add further details about  the battles. 
  • What was the main strategy? What were they trying to accomplish?
  • How did leaders influence and mobilize troops?
  • What were the main consequences of the result?

Stark Law Policy (Effective Date: November 1, 2017) SCOPE: This policy applies to all Sightpath Medical LLC (“Sightpath”) employees worldwide, including part time, temporary contract employees, Management Committee Members, Corporate Integrity Agreement (CIA) Covered Persons, and Vendor’s. PURPOSE: Sightpath is committed to compliance with applicable laws, rules and regulations, including the Stark Law. This policy provides general information about the Stark Law and implements relevant policy. STARK LAW Relevant Purpose The Stark Law’s purpose is to regulate physician referrals where the physician has a financial interest in the entity on the receiving end of the referral. Stark, by limiting these types of “self-referrals,” helps avoid overutilization of referred services and ensures competition by other providers, driving down healthcare costs. Summary of the Law The Stark Law prohibits physicians from referring Medicare/Medicaid patients to an entity for “designated health services” (DHS) if the physician or an immediate family member of the physician has a “financial relationship” with the entity receiving the referral. The Stark Law further prohibits the entity receiving a prohibited referral from presenting a claim to Medicare or Medicaid for the designated health service furnished under the prohibited referral. The Stark Law is not an intent based statute. Thus, receipt of a referral from a physician where a financial relationship exists results in a violation of the Stark Law, regardless of intent. Penalties Penalties for violation of Stark include: • Overpayment/refund obligation • Federal False Claims Act liability • Civil monetary penalties (CPM) and federal program exclusion for knowing violations • Potential for $15,000 CPM for each service • Civil assessment of up to three times the amount claimed POLICY Designated Health Services Under the Stark Law, under certain circumstances Sightpath will not be able to accept/provide referrals for “designated health services” to/from a physician with whom Sightpath has a “financial relationship.” Some of the “designated health services” covered by the Stark Law include radiology services (e.g., A-scans and B-scans); prosthetic devices and supplies (e.g., post-cataract eyewear, and IOL’s); outpatient prescription drugs; and inpatient and outpatient hospital services. Financial Relationships A “financial relationship” is deemed to exist if a physician (or an immediate family member of the physician) holds an ownership or investment interest in, or is a party to a “compensation arrangement” with the entity receiving the referral. A “compensation arrangement” is defined broadly to include any arrangement involving any remuneration, directly or indirectly, overtly or covertly, in cash or in kind between a physician (or an immediate family member) and an entity. Thus, a “financial relationship” could be created by a consulting agreement with a physician, the sale of product to a physician, or the provision of free goods to a physician. Exceptions Certain exceptions have been created where relationships with a physician will not be deemed to create a “financial relationship” under the Stark Law. Exceptions include, but are not limited to: a. The “personal services exception” to the Stark Law protects fair market value payments to a physician for legitimate, commercially reasonable and necessary services that are provided pursuant to a written services agreement, subject to the satisfaction of certain additional requirements. b. The Stark Law also has an exception for payments made by a physician for items or services if the items or services are furnished at a price that is consistent with fair market value. c. Other exceptions to the definition of “financial relationship” may be available for a particular business arrangement. RESPONSIBILITY FOR COMPLIANCE WITH STARK LAW POLICY It is the Compliance Officer’s responsibility along with input from the Compliance Committee and Legal Counsel to maintain compliance with Stark. As of the effective date of this policy, Sightpath is not aware of any relationship that currently implicates Stark. However, the Compliance Officer will continue to monitor Sightpath’s relationships and if Stark becomes applicable, will work with Legal Counsel to structure such relationships so as to meet Stark requirements. Further, as needed, additional policy, procedure, and controls will be developed in order to ensure ongoing compliance with Stark. POLICY – SUSPECTED VIOLATION All suspected violations of the Stark Law must be reported to the Compliance Officer who will investigate the incident and take appropriate remedial steps to address the issue. The Compliance Officer will also determine if the incident meets the definition of a reportable event per Sightpath’s Corporate Integrity Agreement. 11/01/2017 Develop a policy to reduce the likelihood of facing liability for the False Claims, Anti-Kickback, and Stark laws (ALL THREE). To help you develop your policy, use a stakeholder approach. Using your perspectives I need to know what are the specific regulations for fraud prevention.

• Compliance Officer/ Organization Administrator- How will this policy be monitored? Provide the stats about violations and penalties associated with violations.
• Physician – What is your role in limiting self-referral or ancillary service abuse, or upcoding?
• Lawyer – What are the legal implications of violations and reporting for the organization? How will the organization handle reported violations?

Develop a clear organizational policy to limit exposure for fraud and abuse. Once you have complete your policy submit below. This document is due in the dropbox on the last day of the module (see schedule details). Please cite all sources in APA format. You should have at least one source at minimum. Example Policy (Links to an external site.)

Based on the perspectives and examples you’ve researched, be sure you have included the following in your policy:

• Organizations Name/logo
• Title
• Purpose
• Scope
• Definitions of the laws associated or critical verbiage within the document
• Specific violations (or practices that are prohibited by this policy)
• Exceptions (if applicable)
• Monitoring practices (how will your organization be monitoring potential violations) 
• Potential violation consequences for the organization (fines, penalties, etc.)
• Consequences for individuals violating the policy (suspensions, termination, etc.)
• Violator statistics and penalties associated with each from previous litigation
• Sources and in-text citations in APA format

Rubric

Google Doc ProjectGoogle Doc ProjectCriteriaRatingsPtsThis criterion is linked to a Learning OutcomeQuality of Topics & Content10 ptsLevel 5Content substantially covered all areas of policy for preventing fraud: Title, purpose, definitions, scope, specific violations, exceptions, monitoring, potential violation consequences for the organization and violator and statistics of penalties associated with each.7.5 ptsLevel 4Content adequately covered all topics: Title, purpose, definitions, scope, specific violations, monitoring, potential violation consequences for the organization and violator and statistics of penalties associated with each. Overall project may not miss any components of the policy; however, it seems very shallow without in-depth analysis of the topic.5 ptsLevel 3Content did not adequately covered all topics: Title, purpose, definitions, scope, specific violations, monitoring, potential violation consequences for the organization and violator and statistics of penalties associated with each. Or is missing one or more topics. (Missing 1-3 topics) Lacks clear definitions, purpose, and/or scope.2.5 ptsLevel 2Content did not adequately covered all topics: Title, purpose, definitions, scope, specific violations, monitoring, potential violation consequences for the organization and violator and statistics of penalties associated with each. (Missing more than 3 major areas) Lacks clear definitions, purpose, and/or scope. Or contribution was last minute and did not conduct in-depth research of the topic.0 ptsLevel 1No submission or participation10 pts
This criterion is linked to a Learning OutcomePerspectives5 ptsLevel 5All shareholders perspective are evident in the development of the policy. (Compliance Officer, Healthcare Provider, Lawyer)3.75 ptsLevel 4Missing some shareholders’ perspectives or not evident in the policy. (Ex: Does not address how to avoid violations; how violations will be monitored or disciplined by organization; or how practices will avoid violations during clinic visits.)2.5 ptsLevel 3Individual shareholder’s perspective did not add value to the content or was not cohesive. Each section broken into shareholder’s perspectives and not exemplary of the policy example provided. (Ex: sections labeled “doctor” or “compliance officer” etc.)1.25 ptsLevel 2Missing the majority of individual shareholders’ perspectives and was not cohesive.0 ptsLevel 1No contribution submitted5 pts
This criterion is linked to a Learning OutcomeSources5 ptsLevel 5At least one quality, scholarly source provide in acceptable APA format (in APA reference list and in-text)3.75 ptsLevel 4At least one source provided in acceptable APA format but missing in-text citations.2.5 ptsLevel 3Source not in acceptable APA format and/or incorrect/missing in-text citation1.25 ptsLevel 2Source not scholarly (Ex: weblink or wikipedia), no in-text citation0 ptsLevel 1No sources provided5 pts
Total Points: 20PreviousNext