I NEED A RESPONSE TO THIS ASSIGNMENT

2 REFERENCES 

ZERO PLAGIARISM

Hypersomnolence Disorder

According to American Psychiatric Association (2013), hypersomnolence Disorder is characterized by the self-reported excessive sleepiness lasting for 3 months as evidenced by a prolonged sleep episode of more than 9 hours per day or day time sleep episode occurring at least 3 times a week.

1. The hypersomnolence is accompanied by significant distress or impairment in cognitive, social, occupational, or other important areas of functioning.
2. The hypersomnolence is not better explained by and does not occur exclusively during another sleep disorder such as sleep apnea or narcolepsy
3. The hypersomnolence is not attributable to the physiological effects of a substance e.g. drug abuse or medication.
4. Coexisting mental and medical disorders do not adequately explain the chief complaint of hypersomnolence.

Psychotherapy

In patients with hypersomnolence disorders, the goal of treatment is to curtail daytime sleepiness. Nonpharmacologic measures may help reduce tiredness in some patients (Khan, & Trotti, 2015). The use of cognitive-behavioral therapy can be very helpful in the treatment of hypersomnolence disorders. CBT can be conducted in group or individual sessions and its modality consists of CBT modules that include behavioral, cognitive and educational components. The behavioral part begins with specific techniques aimed at changing sleep-disordered behaviors such as scheduled naps, sleep hygiene, and regularizing sleep schedules at night. The cognitive component is aimed at modifying beliefs, motivations, and emotions that might play an essential role in maintaining hypersomnolence that intensifies symptoms. The educational features include education about hypersomnia, coping skills training, the mechanism of drug action, drug interaction, and perceived limitations of living with chronic hypersomnia (Agudelo et al., 2014).

Psychopharmacology

Modafinil is a non-stimulant medication, wakeful promoting agent, approved by FDA as the first-line intervention to treat hypersomnolence. It acts by blocking norepinephrine and dopamine reuptake transporters. Its plasma concentration normally reaches peak values within 2-4 hours after intake. Modafinil is safe and well-tolerated. Some of the side effects of the medication include headache, nausea, loss of appetite, and nervousness (Sonka & Susta, 2012). Modafinil is a long-acting non-stimulant medication and can provide all-day benefits following morning administration. However, stimuli with a short duration of action such as methylphenidate can be used in combination to achieve alertness quickly on an as-needed basis (Gabbard, 2014).

Referring patients to their primary care physician

Hypersomnolence causes many significant impacts on the quality of life and psychosocial well-being of an individual. Excessive sleepiness can be problematic because it affects the person’s abilities at work, school. It can cause safety issues while driving and also affects other everyday activities. The PMHNP can play an essential role by referring these and patients who present with excessive daytime sleepiness and whose quality of life has been significantly impacted by the condition to their primary physician.  Referring to these patients on time is essential for an early diagnosis and intervention and also to be able to determine any underlying medical disorder that can be causing the excessive sleepiness. Also, an early referral is needed because when hypersomnolence is left untreated, it can lead to social isolation and interfere with daily patient functioning (Khan, & Trotti, 2015).

References

American Psychiatric Association (2013). Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders (5th ed.). Washington, DC: Author.

Gabbard, G. O. (2014). Gabbard’s treatment of psychiatric disorders (5th ed.). Washington, DC: American Psychiatric Publications

Khan, Z., & Trotti, L. M. (2015). Central Disorders of Hypersomnolence: Focus on the Narcolepsies and Idiopathic Hypersomnia. Chest, 148(1), 262–273. https://doi.org/10.1378/chest.14-1304

Marín Agudelo, H. A., Jiménez Correa, U., Carlos Sierra, J., Pandi-Perumal, S. R., & Schenck, C. H. (2014). Cognitive-behavioral treatment for narcolepsy: can it complement pharmacotherapy? Sleep Science, 7(1), 30–42. https://doi-org.ezp.waldenulibrary.org/10.1016/j.slsci.2014.07.02

Sonka, K., & Susta, M. (2012). Diagnosis and management o

My assignment is supposed to be 6 pages. It is a second part of a paper based on mass incarceration. Below I attached 2 documents. The first one “Week 5 Template” Is the steps you are supposed to follow. I organized it so it is as simple as possible. The titles of everything are already placed for you. The second document “Origin of injustice” is 3 articles that you can use to help you complete the assignment. So the second document is just to help you write the paper easier.

Discussion Topic: Discuss the way nurses lead, manage, and follow in the complex Healthcare industry.

The Discussion:

• Must address the topic.
• Rationale must be provided.
• May list examples from your own nursing practice.
• 150-word minimum/250-word maximum without the references.
• Minimum of two references (the course textbook must be one of the references) in APA format, must have been published within last 3-5 years.

Book: Leading and Managing in Nursing

7th Edition

Patricia S. Yoder-Wise

Discussion Prompt

Discuss the differential diagnosis (DD) process. Identify 3 different DD processes used in clinical practice.  Describe the risks/benefits of these 3 processes.

Responses to students should include an example of when the student identifies one of the differential diagnosis processes used in the clinical setting.

It is crucial to appropriately utilize APA 7th ed. All assignments; group work discussions and responses require accurate and appropriate APA citations. It is recommended to use nursing literature, medical literature and ancillary research in other disciplines as necessary. Current citations are required.

When possible evidence based literature and primary sources that are up to date and are most desirable. Works such as WebMD and the patient “self-help” resources are not appropriate for graduate discussions.

Expectations

Initial Post:

• Due: Thursday, 11:59 pm PT
• Length: A minimum of 250 words, not including references
• Citations: At least one high-level scholarly reference in APA from within the last 5 years

Peer Responses:

• Due: Saturday, 11:59 pm PT
• Number: A Minimum of 2 to Peer Posts, at least one on a different day than the main post
• Length: A minimum of 150 words per post, not including references
• Citations: At least one high-level scholarly reference in APA per post from within the last 5 years

Discussion: Respond to Posts in Your Own Thread

See USU NUR APA Discussion Rubric for additional details and point weighting.

Examine Case 3: You will be asked to make three decisions concerning the diagnosis and treatment for this client. Be sure to consider co-morbid physical as well as mental factors that might impact the client’s diagnosis and treatment.

At each Decision Point, stop to complete the following:

• Decision #1: Differential Diagnosis
  • Which Decision did you select?
  • Why did you select this Decision? Support your response with evidence and references to the Learning Resources.
  • What were you hoping to achieve by making this Decision? Support your response with evidence and references to the Learning Resources.
  • Explain any difference between what you expected to achieve with Decision #1 and the results of the Decision. Why were they different?
• Decision #2: Treatment Plan for Psychotherapy
  • Why did you select this Decision? Support your response with evidence and references to the Learning Resources.
  • What were you hoping to achieve by making this Decision? Support your response with evidence and references to the Learning Resources.
  • Explain any difference between what you expected to achieve with Decision #2 and the results of the Decision. Why were they different?
• Decision #3: Treatment Plan for Psychopharmacology
  • Why did you select this Decision? Support your response with evidence and references to the Learning Resources.
  • What were you hoping to achieve by making this Decision? Support your response with evidence and references to the Learning Resources.
  • Explain any difference between what you expected to achieve with Decision #3 and the results of the decision. Why were they different?
• Also include how ethical considerations might impact your treatment plan and communication with clients and their family.

Sadock, B. J., Sadock, V. A., & Ruiz, P. (2014). Kaplan & Sadock’s synopsis of psychiatry: Behavioral sciences/clinical psychiatry (11th ed.). Philadelphia, PA: Wolters Kluwer.

and 2 or more academic resoursces/ references