In this writing assignment, you will present a health-promotion plan through the use of a social marketing model.

Submit a 3-4 page paper that summarizes the steps in the social marketing model to implement a health-promotion plan.

Step 1 Select a group and a behavior to change.

You may choose a family group, a social group, or a community group. Include information about environmental factors that may impact delivery of health promotion activities. For example, you might discuss if the group is rural or urban. access to transportation or computers and the impact (positive or negative) that these factors may have on routinely accessing health promotion information or attending group events such as health fairs.  Describe the characteristics and makeup of the group you selected. Include your rationale for why this behavior is a concern and include qualitative and/or quantitative data to support your choice.

Step 2 Select a health-promotion intervention to change a health behavior of the identified group. This may be a health-promotion intervention that is currently being implemented, or something original that you propose. Clearly describe the intervention you would like to implement.

Step 3 Describe the framework of the social marketing of this plan by using the following framework:

• Identify the product, cost of implementation, availability of resources to implement, and the promotion of the plan.

Step 4 Explain the evaluation process to determine whether the social marketing was successful. Make sure that you include what benchmark or percentage of participants would indicate success.

Cite any sources in APA format.

While the implementation plan prepares students to apply their research to the problem or issue they have identified for their capstone project change proposal, the literature review enables students to map out and move into the active planning and development stages of the project.

A literature review analyzes how current research supports the PICOT, as well as identifies what is known and what is not known in the evidence. Students will use the information from the earlier PICOT Question Paper and Literature Evaluation Table assignments to develop a 750-1,000 word review that includes the following sections:

1. Title page
2. Introduction section
3. A comparison of research questions
4. A comparison of sample populations
5. A comparison of the limitations of the study
6. A conclusion section, incorporating recommendations for further research

Prepare this assignment according to the guidelines found in the APA Style Guide. An abstract is not required.

This assignment uses a rubric. Please review the rubric prior to beginning the assignment to become familiar with the expectations for successful completion.

You are required to submit this assignment to LopesWrite.

Role of RNs and APRNs in policy-making.

It has been reported despite the percentage of nurses that serve on hospital board is very low, and legislative efforts to give APRN full autonomy fail year after year in California and other states (Houskova, 2018). Despite the societal trust and respect for Nurses (Gallup 2017), its collective voice remains unheard by decision-makers and legislators

As health systems evolve over time, Nurses, as a part of this system, require to evolve along (Cohen & Milone-Nuzzo, 2001), requiring nurses to influence the formulation of health policies rather than just implementation of them.

Nurses also require to very much involved in the development of health policies so that they will be able to be in charge of their practice. By implications, nurses require to acquire policy-making and advocacy skills that will meet their values and professional ethics.

Another role of Nurses is identification of critical issues and ways of advancing health care policies. Nurses also need to know the levels of power and those who control health resources (Ferguson, 2001). In short, nurses are expected to be involved in policies that could affect them, their  patients, families and the entire health care system (Taft & Nanna, 2008). This is to promote patient safety, quality of care, and access to care(Ferguson, 2001) .

Methods of Involvement

RN and APRN can influence policies through professional organizations. These professional organizations are in specialty areas, education-related organizations and leadership-related organization such as the American Nurse Association, the National League of Nursing. Many professional organizations employ lobbyists who have the responsibility of carrying issues of concern to lawmakers. These organizations provide massive repertoire of knowledge in policy issues from where RN and APRN may learn and being knowledgeable build confidence when required to help legislators interpret issues (Milstead, n.d.). Nurses also serve as custodian of knowledge     about health policy issues that are relevant to policymakers (Schaeffer, 2019).

The APRNs of the third millennium are also policy analyst by virtue of his/her critical thinking and decision model also shares his vision with policy makers (Milstead, n.d.).

Opportunities That Exist for RNs And APRNs to Actively Participate in Policy-Making  

The first opportunity for RNs and APRNs to actively participate in policymaking is by being active members of professional organization. Professional nursing associations are important platforms for individual nurses and the nursing profession to exercise power and influence policy (Matthews, 2012). Another means by which nurses may influence policy is by being political office bearers. For example,  nurses’ presence, role, and influence in health policy development  has been advancing based on an increasing number of nurses elected as political office bearers and/or appointed to national and international boards (Ferguson, 2001).

Other factors that influence nurses’ ability to be active in policy development include finding needed time and possessing relevant knowledge and interest about how political issues affect health care and the nursing profession (Shariff, 2014). 

Challenges That These Opportunities May Present and Solution

Challenges that nurses may encounter with this opportunity include lack of adequate understanding of the legislative process. A method of overcoming this challenge may be seeking adequate education about nursing, policy and legislative process (Rowley, 2020).

As mentioned earlier, joining a professional nursing organization such as the American Nursing Association is a method of engaging in policy. However, a major challenge is that serving or active members could be drafted into boards or committees, requiring additional time to function effectively (Rowley, 2020). A method of addressing this issue

Other challenges include a lack of support, resources and time for nurses to do so in their workplaces. Sometimes there are real bureaucratic walls which act as barriers to nurses being denied opportunities to openly voice their policy concerns, for example because they are government employees. And too often nurses lack confidence and skills in policymaking and do not understand the differences or connections between policy and politics (Turale & Kunaviktikul, 2019). 

 Overcoming These Challenges

In addition to specific methods of addressing specific challenges, the solution is for improved education on Nurses and Health Policies. This can be achieved by calling on national nursing associations, other nursing professional organizations, nurse regulatory bodies, nurse leaders and educators to form a common force in developing strategize about how nursing policy training can be incorporated and supported in each state in the US. country. This includes reviewing and modifying curricula so that policy is included in all programs to varying degrees (Turale & Kunaviktikul, 2019). 

Examine changes introduced to reform or restructure the U.S. health care delivery system. In a 1,000-1,250 word paper, discuss action taken for reform and restructuring and the role of the nurse within this changing environment.

Include the following:

1. Outline a current or emerging health care law or federal regulation introduced to reform or restructure some aspect of the health care delivery system. Describe the effect of this on nursing practice and the nurse’s role and responsibility.
2. Discuss how quality measures and pay for performance affect patient outcomes. Explain how these affect nursing practice and describe the expectations and responsibilities of the nursing role in these situations.
3. Discuss professional nursing leadership and management roles that have arisen and how they are important in responding to emerging trends and in the promotion of patient safety and quality care in diverse health care settings.
4. Research emerging trends. Predict two ways in which the practice of nursing and nursing roles will grow or transform within the next five years to respond to upcoming trends or predicted issues in health care.

You are required to cite to a minimum of three sources to complete this assignment. Sources must be published within the last 5 years and appropriate for the assignment criteria and relevant to nursing practice.  

Prepare this assignment according to the guidelines found in the APA Style Guide, located in the Student Success Center. An abstract is not required. 

This assignment uses a rubric. Please review the rubric prior to beginning the assignment to become familiar with the expectations for successful completion. 

 Topic 1: Nutrition, Exercise, Stress Management: Clinical Prevention Intervention and Evaluation.

Read the required reading. You have a client from a vulnerable population, such as an economically disadvantaged and older adult, who needs to begin lifestyle changes with nutrition, exercise and stress management modifications. Discuss how you would approach nutrition, exercise and/or stress management counseling. Address food aid programs that would be appropriate for referral. What exercise recommendations would be appropriate for your client/s. Comment on stress management factors that may need addressed with your choice of the vulnerable population.